نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران، ایران،
2 استادیار، گروه پزشکی پیشگیری، دانشکده پزشکی فینبرگ، دانشگاه نورث وسترن، شیکاگو، آمریکا.
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، گرایش مدیریت اطلاعات، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Purpose: Contributor Role Taxonomy (CRediT (offers a standard set of 14 roles (including conceptualization, methodology, software, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, writing – original draft, writing – review & editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition) to specify contributions to scholarly publications. This study aimed to analyze the evolution of the intellectual structure, the maturity of thematic clusters, and the co-occurrence network of words related to contributor role ontologies and taxonomies in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The co-occurrence network of keywords and thematic clusters within WoS database is visualized and analyzed to underline thematic clusters of this context. Moreover, the study aimed to analyze the maturity of thematic clusters via topic map and their evolution within Sankey diagram.
Methodology: A literature review with a descriptive approach was used to provide a conceptual analysis of scholarly authorship and CRediT. This study utilized the co-occurrence technique of words along with a scientometric approach. VOSviewer software (which uses smart local moving algorithms to identify topic clusters) was employed for network mapping and analysis. Co-word analysis method was used to identify thematic clusters related to contributor role ontology and taxonomy and map co-occurrence networks. The research includes all the keywords extracted from documents indexed in English on the WoS database from 1985 to 2024. A database search containing prominent words and phrases retrieved 2126 documents. Moreover, R and BiblioShiny (the web-based interface of the Bibliometrix library) were utilized to represent maps. The strategic diagram (topic map), and Sankey diagram (topic evolution) were used to assess the maturity and evolution of the clusters.
Findings: Keyword clustering in WoS database resulted in six clusters, namely, ‘bibliometric analysis in research authorship’, ‘natural language processing and deep learning in authorship attribution’, ‘authorship identification techniques via stylometery’, ‘linguistic approaches to contributor role ontology’, ‘data mining techniques for authorship role analysis’, and ‘machine learning techniques for author attribution’. Timeline of the overlay visualization of the WoS network revealed that between 2014-2020, the importance of keywords in this field had become more prominent. Also, 2020 had more weight and importance in the network and included the most relevant and prominent keywords, highlighting that the debate about contributor role ontologies and taxonomies has become more mature. The density visualization indicated that the words ‘authorship attribution’ and ‘machine learning’ had the highest density in this network, indicating that machine learning techniques are widely used to identify authorship and contributions. Various machine learning techniques, data mining, deep learning, natural language processing, and linguistic approaches are used in evaluating research contributions. The findings of the Sankey diagram showed that between 2019-2024, four themes including ‘authorship’, ‘attribution of authorship’, ‘history’, and ‘ontology of the contributory role’ are present. This continuity in similar subjects implies that these concepts remain equally important in the debate and researchers have done deeper and more advanced investigations in these areas.
Conclusion: Utilizing CRediT and adhering to ethical requirements such as transparency, honesty, and integrity, enhances evaluation of researchers' contributions to scholarly efforts. It also increases individuals’ visibility in professional environments and supports researchers when applying for job opportunities. The results of this research indicated that when considering ways of enhancing recognition of scholarly contributions, the research community should look beyond traditional authorship issues and focus on the development of a collaborative approach that preserves the rights and responsibilities of all contributors. Clearly describing the roles and contributions of author and non-author contributors promotes ethical collaborations and encourages interdisciplinary partnerships. While CRediT was initially developed for the fields of health and biological sciences, since its release, it has been used in other fields too. This expansion highlights an appetite in other scholarly domains to improve recognition of scholarly contributions, which necessitates a closer examination of involved tasks in various domains. Conducting quantitative and qualitative studies to determine which roles are more prominent in various domains would be a possible avenue for future research. Finally, our results highlight the need to localize and integrate existing tools or develop context-specific tools to improve the Iranian scholarly journals in terms of managing information about scholarly contributions. This would enable researchers to register the roles and contributions of collaborators more quickly and easily when submitting scholarly manuscripts. Therefore, we suggest that the administrators and digital developers of scholarly journals consider using the English version of CRediT roles or their translated version in their infrastructure. In this regard, the results of this study can be seen as useful recommendations for the Publications Commission of the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Developing policies and directives for editors of scholarly journals (published both in Persian and English), and mandating the use of contributor roles will facilitate documenting individual contributions in the submission process.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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