ترسیم ساختار علمی حوزه حفاظت و مرمت میراث فرهنگی با استفاده از تحلیل ‌هم‌رخدادی واژگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه هنر اصفهان

2 دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، پردیس علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

هدف: در این پژوهش هدف ترسیم ساختار حوزه‌های موضوعی مقالات حوزه حفاظت و مرمت میراث فرهنگی، نمایه شده در پایگاه AATA است.
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش حاضر دردسته مطالعات ‌علم‌سنجی قراردارد و بااستفاده از تکنیک‌های تحلیل هم‌واژگانی، خوشه‌بندی و شاخص‌های تحلیل شبکه‌های اجتماعی انجام‌گرفته‌است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش موضوعات تخصیص‌یافته به مقالات نمایه‌شده درپایگاه AATA، برای98976 مقاله دربازه زمانی 1800-2020میلادی می‌باشد. برای خوشه‌بندی سلسله‌مراتبی از ‌نرم‌افزار SPSS و برای ترسیم نقشه‌های علمی و شبکه ‌هم‌رخدادی موضوعات از ‌نرم‌افزارهای VOSviewer، UCINET و راورپریمپ ‌استفاده‌شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان‌داد موضوع "حفاظت معماری" بیش‌ترین فراوانی و زوج ‌هم‌واژگانی «حفاظت‌ازمعماری**سنگ‌ومصالح ساختمانی‌مرتبط» بیش‌ترین فراوانی ‌هم‌رخدادی را ‌داشتند.براساس نتایج موضوعات تخصیص‌یافته به مقالات در 8 خوشه موضوعی قرارگرفتند. خوشههای "شناخت‌تکنیک‌و‌مواد و ارزیابی‌روش‌های‌درمان" و "منابع تاریخی حفاظت" محوری و ‌خوش‌توسعه و خوشههای "مطالعات متمرکز برنوع موادموردحفاظت" و "مرمت‌اضطراری و تحلیل‌ریسک" مرکزی اما نابالغ هستند.
نتیجه‌گیری:. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان‌داد، تحلیل هم‌رخدادی واژگان به خوبی می‌تواند ساختار علمی یک حوزه را نمایش‌دهد. نتایج تحلیل نمودارراهبردی نشان‌داد خوشههای «شناخت‌تکنیک و مواد و ارزیابی‌روشهای‌درمان» و «منابع‌تاریخی‌حفاظت» جزو خوشه‌های مرکزی و بالغ بوده و نقش‌محوری دارند. هم‌چنین باتوجه‌به بازه‌زمانی انتشار مقالات، خوشه‌‌"نظریه‌ها و تاریخچه"درحال‌زوال و خوشه "بتن‌تاریخی(ساروج)" درحال‌ظهور می‌باشند بنابراین درپژوهش‌ها کمتر موردتوجه‌قرار‌گرفته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mapping the intellectual Structure in the field of Cultural Heritage Conservation: Co-occurrence Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Ahmadi 1
  • Mohammad Tavakolizade Ravari 2
  • Mahshid Shirdavani 1
1 Isfahan university of Art,
2 Department of Social Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences faculty, Yazd university, Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of present research is to map intellectual structure of the subject categories of Cultural Heritage Conservation articles indexed in AATA online database.
Methodology: This applied research has been done by clustering and Co-occurrence Analysis. The research statistical population includes all subject categories of articles indexed in the AATA database during 1800-2020. In order to perform hierarchical clustering, "Ward" method was used. Excel and SPSS software were used for data analysis. VOSviewer, UCINET and RavarPrimap software were used to visualization the co-occurrence network of topics.
Findings: The results revealed that the subject of "architectural conservation" was the most frequent subject. The "pigments, colors and paintings", "archaeological conservation" and "preventive conservation, and general topics" are topics were ranked second to fourth with the frequency of 15517, 14063, and 11518, respectively. The pair "Architecture Protection**Stone and related construction materials" has been the most common themes in terms of co-occurrence. Also, the pairs of "Archaeological Conservation** Ceramics, Glass and Glaze" and "Archaeological Conservation** Metals and Metallurgical Byproducts" were ranked the second and the third with 2099 and 273 repetitions, respectively. Hierarchical clustering, using the "Ward" method, resulted in formation of 8 thematic clusters. The cluster of "Studies focused on the type of protected material", included 49 topics, was the largest cluster. Other clusters were respectively: "theories and history" included 8 topics, "knowledge of techniques and materials and evaluation of treatment methods" included 26 subjects, "emergency Restoration and Risk Analysis" cluster included 20 topics, "Archaeological Conservation and Conservation Studies of Egypt" included 15 topics, "pathology and conservation of earthen architecture" cluster included 14 topics, "Historical Concrete (Sarouj)" cluster included 5 topics, "Historical Conservation Resources" included 5 topics.
Conclusion: "Architectural Conservation", "Pigments, Paints and Paintings", "Archaeological Conservation" and "Preventive Conservation" were among the topics of interest in the field of cultural heritage conservation. The results of the Co-occurrence analysis showed that the clusters of "Identification techniques and materials and evaluation of treatment methods" and "Historic Conservation Resources" were considered to be central, mature and well developed. These clusters have been played central role in cultural Heritage Conservation researches. The Clusters of "Archaeological Conservation and Conservation Studies of Egypt" and "Pathology and Conservation of Earthen Architecture" were not central, but considered as well developed clusters. Although these clusters, "Studies focused on the type of protected materials" and "Emergency conservation and risk assessment", had central role in cultural heritage conservation researches, they were immature. "Theories and History" and "Historical Concrete" clusters received less attention in researches.
The results of mapping the intellectual Structure using the co-occurrence analysis showed that the highest centrality degree was assigned to thematic categories of "Archaeological Conservation", "Pigments, Paints and Paintings" and "Architectural Conservation". This means that these subject areas had the most influence in the mentioned map. As a result, the mentioned areas were considered so important in the thematic structure of the field of cultural heritage conservation. Betweenness centrality also expresses the importance of the node in terms of its position on the map and in terms of information transmission in the network. Based on the obtained results, the subject categories with the most centrality were "metals and metallurgical products", "preventive protection and general issues" and "non-cellular natural organic materials (resins, varnish, wax, gum, oils...)". As a result, these thematic categories had an important and significant role in the transmission of information in the thematic network of cultural heritage conservation. On the other hand, the centrality index of the issues in the field of cultural heritage conservation were very close. This result shows that different topics have close influence power in the network.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Co-occurrence analysis
  • Intellectual structure of science
  • Cluster analysis
  • strategic diagram
  • Cultural heritage Conservation